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Non-Line-of-Sight Multi-Target Localization in T-Junctions Using Ray Tracing of mmWave Radar
利用毫米波雷达的射线追踪进行T形交叉口的非视距多目标定位
2025 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) | 智慧交通顶会
关键词: 2D radar point cloud, collision avoidance, mmWave radar, multi-target localization, non-line-of-sight
Abstract
Autonomous vehicles are increasingly utilized in diverse industries, relying heavily on perception systems to interpret their surroundings for decision-making and control.
While Line-of-Sight perception technologies have advanced significantly, Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) perception remains a critical challenge. Current systems struggle to detect objects in NLoS scenarios, such as pedestrians or vehicles suddenly appearing from behind obstacles, leading to accidents, particularly at narrow T-junctions in urban environments.
To address this, mmWave radar has emerged as a promising sensor for NLoS perception due to its ability to capture reflections and estimate the location of dynamic objects in occluded areas.
However, previous researches are limited to controlled settings or single objects, with challenges like multipath reflections requiring precise spatial analysis for real-world use.
In this paper, we propose a localization method for multi-dynamic NLoS pedestrians using ray tracing on 2D radar point clouds obtained from mmWave radar in outdoor environments. The approach involves inferring spatial information from static points, performing ray tracing for dynamic points, and applying noise filtering and clustering to estimate pedestrian locations.
Validation on a custom-built test bed demonstrates the effectiveness of the method, establishing a foundation for advanced NLoS perception technologies in real-world driving.
自动驾驶车辆在各个行业中得到了广泛应用,依赖于感知系统来解读周围环境,以便进行决策和控制。虽然视距(Line-of-Sight,LoS)感知技术已经取得了显著进展,但不可视(Non-Line-of-Sight,NLoS)感知仍然是一个关键挑战。
现有系统在NLoS场景中(如行人或车辆突然从障碍物后出现)难以探测物体,这导致了特别是在城市环境的狭窄T型交叉口处的交通事故。
为了解决这个问题,毫米波雷达作为一种有前景的传感器,由于其能够捕捉反射信号并估算被遮挡区域中动态物体的位置,已经成为NLoS感知的一个有效选择。
然而,之前的研究仅限于受控环境或单一物体,且面临多径反射等挑战,这需要精确的空间分析才能在现实世界中应用。
在本文中,我们提出了一种使用毫米波雷达在户外环境中获取的2D雷达点云进行射线追踪的多动态NLoS行人定位方法。
该方法通过从静态点推断空间信息,进行动态点的射线追踪,并应用噪声过滤和聚类算法来估算行人位置。
通过在自建测试平台上的验证,证明了该方法的有效性,为现实驾驶中先进的NLoS感知技术奠定了基础。
